The Trouble with Small Cameras

Cameras

I’ve had an Olympus XZ-1 for almost half a year now as my ‘carry-everywhere’ pocket camera.  By most folks’ standards, it’s a large ‘compact’ camera.  Compared to my Nikon D700 SLR though, it’s a decidedly more travel-friendly companion.  In fact, when I went to England in June, I took both cameras, and ended up actually using the Olympus more, largely due to the convenience (when it rained, it was easy to quickly stick the XZ-1 in a waterproof plastic bag in m pocket, unlike the D700).

The usual knock on compact cameras is that the image quality, particularly when the light levels drop, don’t match up to their larger brethren.  There’s a fairly simple explanation for this: the sensor in your average high-end digital compact is less than 40mm^2.  The size of the sensor in your average DSLR is 350mm^2.  Since the sensor’s purpose is to gather and record light, the smaller sensor records less light, and the less light you record, the less information your image has.  In reality, things are a bit more complicated, but that’s the basic idea.

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Compare and Contrast

I do a fair amount of walking and hiking when time permits.  For the last 2 years or so, I’ve been taking my Nikon D700 camera along on most of those trips.

The D700 is considered by Nikon to be their lower-end professional model.  When it came out, it basically offered the same sensor and performance as their top-of-the-line D3, but for $2000 less in a more compact body.  The D700 was missing a few features compared to the D3, but on the basic criterion of image quality and operating speed it is essentially the same camera.  In short, it is (or given the speed of digital development, was) a pretty fancy camera.

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Lightroom oddity

Lightroom CPU usageAdobe Lightroom is pretty much the de-facto standard for DAM (digital asset management) and bulk editing among professional and serious amateur digital photographers. As a heavy user since the beta of version 1 in mid-2006 (we are currently at version 3.4), I can appreciate why that is. Lightroom offers a reasonably intuitive well-designed interface for editing and organizing large numbers of images. It has a number of minor flaws, but it compares favorably to pretty much every competing software package I’ve tried.

That said, from an architecture point of view, it seems that Lightroom could stand some improvement. My basic complaint is that the software is sluggish. Not tear-your-hair out slow mind you, but lethargic enough to be annoying. And this is when dealing with 12MP RAW image files, on a machine that has 4 2.8GHZ cores and 6GB RAM. That is to say image sizes aren’t that large, and the hardware is pretty current.

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Olympux XZ-1 – A Serious Compact Camera?

Olympus XZ-1

I’ve been looking, on and off for a serious compact digital camera for quite some time. It’s not that I’m unhappy with my DSLR, but I have developed a certain lack of enthusiasm for carrying it everywhere. The DSLR is large, heavy and obtrusive. People notice me carrying it. I notice me carrying it. For quality, it can’t be beat, but for activities where photography is the primary goal, it often seems like overkill.

My search began in earnest after a couple of trips last summer where I was forced to put the camera away in the pack to keep it from interfering with climbing. While this helped with climbing, it also meant that I missed photographing a number of interesting moments.

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The Great Camera Con

Digital cameras are responsible for many wonderful things. They let us capture manner of events that were not practical or possible before. They enable us to post-process and alter our images quickly and easily. They make it possible to share our images with just about anybody at no cost and little effort.

What they have not done, at least for serious amateurs, is save us money over their film predecessors. This of course flies in the face of conventional wisdom. No more buying film. No more paying the drugstore to process our images (or buying the chemicals and equipment and processing them ourselves). No more paying for prints of every image on a roll of film. Etc.

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White Mountain photo club trip

White Mountains

Just after returning from Europe, Sassan and I joined a number of photographers on the Foothill Photo Club’s annual trip to the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest in the White Mountains of eastern California.

Summary

Day 1: Driving to Crooked Creek in the White Mountains.

Day 2: Photography at the Patriarch Grove and climbing White Mountain Peak (elev. 14242 ft.).

Day 3: Photography at the Patriarch Grove and driving back.

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More Camera Ramblings

e-420I alluded yesterday to the fact that I’m not entirely thrilled with my current camera, an Olympus E-420. Truth is, it’s a far better camera than it has any right to be given the price, but I’d gladly pay double for something that got rid of my main complaints. Of course, Olympus doesn’t sell such a camera yet, and even the newly announced E-620 doesn’t fully address many of them.

The good: 

1) The lenses. Olympus doesn’t make bad lenses. My main lens, the ZD 12-60/2.8-4 SWD (24-120mm EFL) is the best standard zoom lens I’ve ever used, bar none (and that includes Nikon’s monstrous, expensive 24-70/2.8).

2) The size. The E-420 is the size (and weight) a DSLR should be, which is to say a little smaller than my old Nikon FM2n film SLR. It fits well in my hands and it sits well on the shoulder even on all-day hikes.

3) The controls. Surprisingly for a camera with few hard-button controls, the E-420 is very easy to configure, and once set up requires menu diving only rarely.

4) Handy features. There are a lot. Mirror lockup. Sensor-cleaning (from back when such was rare). Live View with both phase detect and contrast detect autofocus. Really, there’s a lot there.

The bad: 

1) Noise. The worst problem is pattern noise (banding) at high ISOs (800+). This seems to be largely fixed with the E-620’s newer sensor. More pervasively though, the chip simply produces more noise than its competitors and even at low ISOs, raising the shadows in software reveals a lot of ugliness. And at lower ISOs, the E-620 looks like it may actually be *worse*.

2) The viewfinder. It’s *tiny*. All digital cameras I’ve tried pale somewhat in comparison to my venerable FM2n, but the E-420 is the smallest of any currently shipping DSLR and a good 40% smaller than that on serious amateur DSLRs like Nikon’s D90. And it makes accurate framing and judging composition a pain. Only one Olympus DSLR has a decent viewfinder, and that’s the big and heavy E-3.

3) Autofocus. In other than good light, it’s quite slow. The E-620 purportedly has a much faster version (with more AF points) derived from the one in the E-3. Good, right? Not exactly. The E-3’s AF is notorious for having accuracy issues. I’m hoping the kinks have been worked out, but initial indications aren’t encouraging.

4) Customizing the output. On the surface, there are a lot of options, but in practice, the level of customizability isn’t very impressive. You can’t upload custom curves. Color settings are limited to a few standard settings (Saturation, Contrast). The result is that the out-of-camera output can made good, but never truly great. This is in contrast to the D70 images I mentioned in the previous post.

The ugly: 

1) Camera/RAW performance. It is reasonably snappy (3.5fps, 12 frame RAW buffer) but the Olympus software is horribly slow processing RAW files, so if you want JPGs, better shoot RAW+JPG in camera. Strangely, even Adobe Lightroom is pretty sluggish processing Olympus RAW files (considerably more so than RAW files from other 10MP cameras).

2) The sensor size. Beyond the noise issue, the smaller 4/3 format sensor that Olympus uses has two primary effects: the aspect ratio of images is 4:3 and not the more common 3:2 and at the same aperture, you get more depth-of-field (DoF) than with competing DSLRs. In practice, I find both of these a nuisance. You can always stop down to get more DoF with competing cameras, but you can’t necessarily open up a lens more to get less DoF, as the lenses aren’t always that fast. As to aspect ratio, I shoot mainly landscapes, and 3:2 generally suits them better than 4:3, although for portraits and most print-sizes, 4:3 is probably better.

3) The lenses. What, again? Well yes, specifically the selection, or lack thereof. Only 3 companies make lenses for Olympus DSLRs: Olympus, Panasonic and Sigma, and the total number of current lenses is about 2 dozen. Obviously, this means there are holes. You want a fast normal lens? The only good one (Sigmas don’t count) is the big, heavy and expensive Panasonic 25/1.4. You want wider than 18mm EFL? You’re stuck with the (big, heavy and expensive) ZD 7-14/4. You want narrow DoF at wide angles? The ZD 14-35/2 is your only choice…

4) Weather-sealing. It’s a bit strange that Olympus has so many good weather-sealed lenses, at reasonable prices, but no good weather-sealed camera in the same size and price range. I sense an untapped market.

The rub: 

As a DSLR for travel and hiking, the Olympus E-420 (or upcoming E-620) is still the best option. It offers a nice mix of portability, quality and convenience for a reasonable price. For more general use, things are more mixed. For action or low-light, there are considerably better choices available. And for a little bit of everything? I’ve not quite decided…

(Parenthetical note: most manufacturers seem to believe that small DSLRs should be cheap and crippled, presumably to encourage upgrades. Were Canon or Nikon to change this attitude, and release the appropriate lenses, I suspect they would find a profitable largely-untapped niche.)

Two of my favorite Olympus E-420 samples (Lassen National Park in August, and New York state in October):

P8310977

PA153709

Camera: Looking forward and back

pma2009logoThe annual Photo Marketing Association conference is on now, and it’s looking like a bit of a bust. A few announcements from Olympus, Samsung and especially Panasonic notwithstanding, there’s not been much of note from any of the other camera-makers. Between the collapsing economy and the apparent dearth of recent innovation, PMA seems to mostly be about showing off new releases of nearly-identically specced compact ‘point-and-shoot’ digicams.

Meanwhile I’ve had occasion to go back over the ‘negatives’ (RAWs) of the last few years worth of captures.

Now the great thing about RAW is that software improvements translate directly into better images. When I first started shooting RAW with a Nikon D70 SLR, I used Adobe Lightroom (LR), one of the few programs capable at the time of rapidly viewing and editing that camera’s RAW files. I knew that of course that LR wouldn’t deliver the best results, but I figured it should do okay.

Imagine my surprise when I ran the same files through Nikon’s own Capture NX (CNX) program today and found that my flat dull-looking images actually had a fair bit of color and ‘punch’ (not to mention detail) in them.

I won’t say categorically that LR ‘ruined’ the old photos, but it didn’t exactly do them any favors. For the future, I’ll be sticking to the vendor’s own converter when practical. Indeed, that’s precisely what I did for the morning’s walk at Ward Pound Ridge (lots of snow on the ground there) and I’m liking the result.

The other less helpful discovery is that the old Nikon may actually have nicer colors and better sharpness, out of the camera, than my current Olympus E-420 does. I may have to rethink my current gear strategy…

Before (LR conversion, image from 12 May 2007):

DSC_0258-lr

After (CNX conversion):

DSC_0258-cnx